2020 年 10 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语（二）
（课程代码 00015）
第一部分: 阅读判断（第 1~10 题, , 每题 1 分,共 10 分）
下面的短文后列出了 10 个句子, ,请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断: :如果该句提供的是正确信息, , 选择 A； 如果该句提供的是错误信息, 选择 B；如果该句信息文中没有提及, 选择 C 。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑 。
Booking Online and Saving the Environment
When you are looking to book aholiday, it is unlikely that you will think about how green your booking decision is, but it is something that you should think about. By green" we mean the impact on the environment.
When looking to book a holiday, you will probably find that you are faced with two main decisions. The first is to go into atravel agency, pick up brochures (宣传册), read through them and go back with just one and book with the travel agents directly or over the phone. The second is to go onto the Internet.
The Internet holds many advantages over the travel agencies. The main one is convenience. You can go online to lookat holidays at any timeof the day. The travel agents,however, areusually very busy at times when peoplecan actually go, i.e. lunch hours or at the weekend.You could use the telephone, but you wouldn't be able tosee the pictures or the details of the holidays, So you would probably be sent a brochure anyway.
There are websites on the Internet that make shopping forholiday deals much easier. These websites are known as price comparison websites. They search through lots of different tour operators, and the results are displayed on one page, from which you can choose.
Compared with the travel agencies, bookingonline is greener. The piles of brochures are definitely not green, and the amount of unnecessary paper used can't be good for the environment. In the days ofthe Internet, there is really no need for such a large amountof paper to be wasted. So booking online will not only save you time and effort, it willdo a little bit towards saving the environment, too!
1. When planning holidays, few people will think about being green.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
2. There are two main choices when people look to book their holidays.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
3. People go to travel agencies and make their decisions directly.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
4. The main advantage of booking online is saving money.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
5. Many people go to travel agencies at lunchtime.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
6. Booking holidays by telephone requires less communicative skills.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
7. There are limited choices at pricecomparison websites.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
8. Travel agencies make the best use of price comparison websites.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
9. Travelers collect brochures as a hobby.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
10. Booking online is a way to save the environment.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
第二部分: 阅读选择（第 5 11~15 题, 每题 2 分, ,共 10 分）
阅读下面短文, , 请从短文后所给各题的 4 个选项（A 、B 、C 、D ）中选出 1 个最佳选项, , 并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。
Urban Gardening
Urban gardening refers to the practice of planting agarden in the city. Apartments, town homes, andother areas with lttle or no landare being used for gardening. This method of ardening is becoming more common as the amount of land for gardening incities is becoming smaller and smaller.
Containers, hanging baskets and raised beds are examples of items people use to create a garden in a confined space. Some cities also offer a shared community garden for people who have no room to grow plants at home.
Many types of plants can be grown in containers and baskets. Tomatoes andpeppers, for instance, can grow in containers on windowsills (窗台). Plants grown on a windowsill should usually receive at least six to eight hours of sunlight daily. Herbs are often grown in containers or baskets in the kitchen. They do not require much space and can be handy for cooking.
People who want to grow more plants may use raised beds which are usually made of wood pieces and flled with a mixture of soil and fertilizers. They can be built on top of any hard surface, including roof tops. People like them because the beds often cost much less than most other methods of gardening.
Community gardening could be an option for anyone who does not have spacefor a garden at home. Most cities that offer this will rent a small plot of 'land to someone for a fee, or allow them to use it free of charge. Instead of dividing the land into separate plots, some cities allow everyone inthe neighborhood to share andwork on the same land. This method could be beneficial for people in the neighborhood who share the passion for growing things.
11. Urban gardening came into being as a result of .
A. the lack of land for gardening
B. new technology
C. government encouragement
D. the increasing population
12. The word confined (Para. 2) means .
A. open
B. empty
C. limited
D. occupied
13. Plants grown on windowsills require a lot of .
A. Water
B. space
C. soil
D. sunlight
14. Raised beds are popular because they .
A. are efficient
B. are cheap
C. last long
D. contain fertilizers
15. Community gardening is beneficial because it .
A. saves more land
B. requires less work
C. increases output
D. connects people
第三部分: 概括段落大意和补全句子（每题 1 分, ,共10 分）
My Science Teacher
❶Usually whenpeople decide to be teachers, they go to college, get a degree, and find a job at a school. They prepare lesson plans, give out homework, and make up tests. To them,it is just a job, a way to make a living. But for my science teacher, Mrs. Cook, teaching is not just her job; it's who she is. She teaches through her heart.
❷She has so much enthusiasm in her lessons. She is the one who goes out late at night tobuy 10 pounds of sugar for our experiments. She brings inwater from the nearby c*** to make her point, and to make us remember the lesson. She makes usthink that each new fact could change our lives.
❸Mrs. Cook wants all of us to do well in school. She tries to reach each student. She
neither ignores the sleeping kid in the back, nor lets the problem students alone. She shows special concern to slow students, and often helps them after school. None of us can slip away from her attention.
❹Middle school is probably one of the hardest times of our lives. We change friends so often, and fight with our parents constantly.But Mrs. Cook has made thisyear So much better for us than it could have been. We know that if we had to turn toanybody, it wouldbe her. And I'm not alone in feeling this way; she is arole model for our whole class.
❺Science had never been my favorite subject. I had never borrowed science books. I had never performed experiments in my home.But this year, it's the science class that I don't mind waking up for, the testI don't mind taking. I have Mrs. Cook to thank for that. She has taught us so much more than just a single subject.
Task 1
16. Paragraph ❶:
17. Paragraph ❷:
18. Paragraph ❸:
19. Paragraph ❹:
20. Paragraph ❺:
A. Mrs. Cook makes our school life easier.
B. I enjoy science class now.
C. Mrs. Cook cares about each student.
D. Mrs. Cook is strict with her students.
E. Mrs. Cook's lessons are well- prepared.
F. Teaching is more than a job for Mrs. Cook.
Task 2
21．To become a school teacher, one needs _____.
22．Mrs. Cook often goes out to collect _____.
23．Mrs. Cook offers slow students extra help _____.
24．Our whole class take Mrs. Cook as _____.
25．I am lucky to have Mrs. Cook as _____.
A. in class
B. my teacher
C. after school
D. a role model
E. a college degree
F. teaching materials
第四部分：填句补文（第 26~30 题, , 每题 2 分, 共 10 分）
下面的短文有 5 5 处空白, , 短文后有 6 6 个句子, , 其中 5 5 个取自短文, 请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置, , 以恢复文章原貌, , 并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
Lack of Sleep Is Dangerous
Doyou know that if you miss out too much sleep you will- die? It's true! If you stay awake for a long, long time, your brain and body will break down.
The unofficial worldrecord forstaying awake is 11 days, and it's held by Randy Gardner. ___26 ___ He also had help from TV and radio reporters, a sleep researcher and a doctor.
What happened? ___27 ___ Then his brain started to lose sense. On day 4, he thought a street sign was really a person. On day 6, he began to speak very slowly. On day 9, he couldn't finish sentences.On day 10, Randy thought he saw a forest in the next room. ___28 ___ Eventually, after he'd broken the world record, Randy was told to go to sleep. Experiments thatkeep peopleawake for dangerously long periods are always stopped before the patients break down.
Rats, however, aren't so well cared for. ___29 ___ That's sooner thanif they'd been allowed to sleep but weregivenno food. They get really thin. But that's not because they stop eating- -quite the opposite. Even though these rats are eating food, their bodies can't process it in the normal way,Ontop of that, their little bodies lose more heat than normal, which makes them weak. This means that they need more food to stay at a healthy temperature. ___30 ___
And that's what lack of sleep does for you.
A. In fact, he went abit crazy.
B. Normally rats wouldn't catch a cold.
C. Towards the end, the health of theserats is failing.
D. When kept from sleeping, they die within three weeks.
E. Randy asked two of 'his friends to stop him falling asleep.
F. First of all, staying awake long made Randy bad-tempered.
第五部分: : 填词补文
Talking Counts!
Most words in a child's vocabulary comefrom everyday encounters with language. Children ___31___ up language from books, media, and conversations.
You can increase your child'svocabulary and ___32___ knowledge by having conversations with them. With babies, you can talk to them about what you're doing so they can begin to ___33___ words withconcepts. As your baby begins to speak, start asking, "What's that? when ___34___ to objects or pictures. Elaborate on their ___35___ answers as a way to have them listening to more words. Yes, that is a banana! It's ___36___ and smooth."
With young children, you can talkabout the things you see in your ___37___ ontrips around town,or on television. Theseconversations help build a child's ___38___ of his world. When reading, pause to ask questions on the story, Ask, "Why do you think he did that?" or What do you think is going to happen ___39___ .?" Tell your children stories from your own life, or about the day they were ___40___ . This helps develop their personal andcultural identity.
A. link
B. simple
C. secondly
D. neighborhood
E.yellow
F. build
G. understanding
H. pointing
I.pick
J.born
K. background
L.next
第六部分: 完形补文（第 0 41~50 题, , 每题 5 1.5 分,共 共 5 15 分）
下面的短文有 10 处空白, , 每处空白后的括号内有一个词, 请根据短文内容将其正确
的形式填入文中, , 以恢复文章原貌, , 并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。
Water Shortage
Getting water seems (seem) so easy for many people. You will be ___41___ (mistake) if ou think there is an ___42___ (end) supply of water. In fact, the world has a water shortage. Seventy percent of the world is ___43___ (cover) in water. But mostof it is salt water. Only a small ___44___ (percent) is fresh drinking water. Countries ___45___ (include) Spain, Italy and South Africa actually import water from countries such as the United States and Australia. ___46___ (surprising), 1.1 billion people on earth have difficulty ___47___ (get)clean drinking water. This global problem is predicted to get ___48___ (bad) as the atmosphere becomes warmer.
Every person in Britain ___49___ (use) about 150 litres of water a day. In some countries people only have5to 10 litres aday! They would be ___50___ (shock) to learn how we waste drinking water.
第七部分: : 短文写作
51.请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇 0100 词左右的英文短文。
某英文报社正在举办题为 “ An Unforgettable Holiday ” 的征文活动。请就此题目写一篇英文短文应征，内容包括：
●哪个假期令你难忘
●为什么令你难忘
2020 年 10 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语（二）参考答案
（课程代码 00015）
1. A 题干：当人们在计划旅行的时候，几乎没有什么人会考虑到环保问题。与短文第一段第一句表达的相符。
2. A 题干：当人们在订购假期的时候有两种选择方式。与短文第二段第一句话表达的相符。
3. B 题干：人们会去旅行社，并且会直接作出决定。而短文第二段表达了“会和旅行社工作人员预定或者通过电话预定”。题干内容以偏概全，所以是错误的
4. B 题干：在网上预定的最大好处是省钱。在短文第三段第一句和第二句，表达了网络预定有很多优势，最主要的是方便。所以题干是错误的。
5. A 题干：在午饭的时间，有很多人会去旅行社。在短文第三段第四句提到，旅行社在人们实际上有时间去的时候都是非常繁忙，比如说午餐或者周末时间。
6. C 题干：通过电话的方式来预定假期不需要有很多交流技巧。短文中未提及。
7. B 题干：比价网站会有很多的局限性。在短文第四段第二、三句提到“lots of different tour operators”代表有很多不同的旅行社。因此题干内容与短文相反。
8. C 题干：旅行社能够最好的利用这些价格比较网站。短文中未提及。
9. C 题干：旅行者们收集宣传册作为爱好。短文中未提及。
10. A 题干：在线预订是保护环境的一种方式。与在短文第五段第四句表达的相符。
11. A 根据原文第一段第三句可知，在城市中用来做绿化的土地正在变得越来越小。故选择A项。
12. C 根据原文第二段第一句可知，容器，吊篮和苗圃床都是人们用来创造园艺的典型的例子，通过列举的例子可知空间有限，故选择C项。
13. D 根据原文第三段第三句可知，窗台上的植物生长每天至少需要晒6~8小时的太阳。故选择D项。
14. B 根据原文第四段第三句可知，人们很喜欢苗圃床因为它比其他绿化容器花费的要少。故选择B项。
15.D 根据原文第五段关键句“This method could be beneficial for people in the neighborhood...”可知种植对邻里关系有帮助，故选择D项。
16.F 根据第一段第四句可知，但是对于我的科学老师，Mrs.Cook，教学不不仅仅她的工作，而是她的全部。故选择F项。
17. E 根据第二段可知我的科学老师对课程做了很多付出。故选择E项。
18. C 根据原文第三段第二句可知，她尝试关爱每一个学生。故选择C项。
19. A 根据原文第四段，作者表达中学生活是最艰难的时光，但Mrs.Cook使这一年比想象的好得多。故选择A项。
20. B 根据原文第五段，作者首先表达科学课从来都不是我最喜欢的课程，但是今年不再担心考试不通过。通过反转表达了对科学课的态度，故选择B项。
21. E 根据第一段Usually when people decide to be teachers, they go to college, get a degree, and find a job at a school. 可得出答案。
22. F 根据第二段She is the one who goes out late at night to buy 10 pounds of sugar for our experiments. She brings in water from the nearby c*** to make her point, and to make us remember the lesson. 可得出答案。
23. C 根据第三段She shows special concern to slow students, and often helps them after school. 可得出答案。
24. D 根据第四段And I'm not alone in feeling this way; she is a role model for our whole class.可得出答案。
25.B 根据第五段I have Mrs. Cook to thank for that. She has taught us so much more than just a single subject. 可得出答案。
26. E 根据26空后一句，Randy也求助了电视，广播记者等，可知此处应为作者描述Randy受到哪些帮助。选择E是朋友对他的帮助。
27. F 根据27空后一句，关键词“Then”，根据步骤顺序，匹配选项F中的“First of all”。
28. A 第三段描述Randy的状态变化，故选择A项。
29. D 根据29空后一句描述，那种方式比给吃的但不让睡觉来的更快。通过关键词对比，可知D项符合前后句意。
30. C 根据30空前一句描述，这意味着他们需要更多的食物来维持健康的体温。整段描述老鼠在缺乏睡眠时身体状态的变化情况，故选择C项。
31. F build up为固定搭配，意为建立起来。
32. K background knowledge为固定搭配，意为背景知识。
33. A link...with... 句意表示可以把单词和概念连接在一起。
34. H 根据when可知，本空填动名词做主语，结合句意可知选择H项，表达指向东西或照片。
35. B 本空修饰句中answers，根据句意可知选择B项。
36. E 根据and后smooth可知本空为修饰香蕉的形容词，故选择E项。
37. D 根据in可知此空填区域等抽象概念，选择D项。
38.G 根据空格前后句意，建立起孩子对他世界的理解，可知选择G项。
39.L 空格在句尾修饰前面What...完整的句子，结合句意，故选择L项。
40.J 根据they were可填被动语态，结合句意，意为他们出生的那一天，可知选择J项。
41.mistake; be + adj. mistake名词变形容词，所以填mistaken，表示误解的；
42. endless; 名词变形容词，根据前后句意，填endless，表示无尽的；
43.covered; be+动词过去分词，被动语态填covered；
44.percentage; 根据搭配规则，具体数值+percent；抽象描述+percentage，所以填percentage；
45.including; 动词变动名词，填including；
46.Surprisingly; 形容词变副词，且句首单词首字母应大写，填Surprisingly；
47.getting; 根据固定搭配have difficulty doing sth. 填getting；
48.worse; 根据关键词becomes warmer，可知此处填比较级worse；
49.uses; 主谓一致，every person第三人称单数，填uses；
50. shocked; be+adj. 并且根据句意可知，表示使某人震惊，因此选择shocked；
51.略